Why does the laser cutting machine cut round holes out of round?

Unroundness of the laser cutting machine when cutting round holes may be the result of a combination of factors. The following are the possible reasons and their analyses:

1. Improper adjustment of light intensity: the light intensity of the laser cutting machine is one of the key factors affecting the cutting quality. If the light intensity is not correctly adjusted, it may result in insufficient overlap of the light spot during the cutting process, thus affecting the integrity of the round hole. Generally speaking, the difference between the maximum and minimum light intensity should not exceed 5% to ensure cutting stability and precision.

2. Hardware Problems: Problems with hardware components such as beams, lenses, nozzles, etc. may also affect the cutting quality of round holes. For example, contamination, damage, or wear to the lens or nozzle may affect the quality and focusing of the laser beam, resulting in an out-of-round hole.

3. Loose servo motors or cutting heads: Loose servo motors or cutting heads may lead to positional shifts during the cutting process, which can affect the shape of the round hole. Therefore, the tightness of these parts needs to be checked regularly to ensure that they work stably.

4. Inappropriate air pressure: In the laser cutting process, the size of the air pressure has an important impact on the cutting effect. Too little air pressure may lead to hanging slag and carbonisation at the edge, while too much air pressure may lead to bursting holes. Therefore, the air pressure needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation in order to obtain the best cutting effect.

5. Round hole is too small: When the round hole cut by the laser cutting machine is too small, due to the limitation of laser energy, the phenomenon of broken point residue and round hole not round may occur. Generally speaking, cutting a round hole with a ratio of 1:1 is a better solution, i.e., the ratio of hole diameter and plate thickness is 1:1.

6. Errors in servo motor parameters: Errors in servo motor parameters may lead to mismatch of X/Y axis movement, which may affect the shape of round holes. Therefore, it is necessary to check the accuracy of servo motor parameters regularly and make necessary adjustments.

To sum up, the laser cutting machine cutting round hole is not round may be due to improper adjustment of light intensity, hardware problems, loose servo motor or cutting head, inappropriate air pressure, round hole is too small, and servo motor parameter error and other factors work together. In order to obtain better cutting results, these factors need to be considered comprehensively and adjusted and optimised accordingly.